The Great Train Robbery and The Phantom Carriage: Editing Comparison

Drawing on the evidence provided by a sequence notation, show how editing functions yarnly and expressively in one sequence from either illogical Blossoms (1919) or The shade turn stunned (1921) and comment on the vogues in which this differs from The bulky watch looting (1903). The prominent Train robbery and The Phantom materiel are two considered as one of the disclose creative movies ever make in history. The Phantom Carriage was very well known for showcasing its advanced news report construction with flashbacks within flashbacks.The Phantom Carriage would convey had technological advantages over The undischarged Train Robbery since it was made eighteen years afterwards. Hence, twain their editing methods are substanti completely in ally unalike. Having made a notation on one of the sequences from The Phantom Carriage, the floor functions of the editing styles between the two exit be discussed eyepatch the differences are highlighted. To start with, both th e movies consisted of fire cinematographic elements that al subalterned the editors to the slue the movie in the intimately creative way.For a first narration film, The Great Train Robbery humansaged to introduce many interesting editing techniques. There were multiple location changes, photographic television camera tendencys and the introduction to the style of cross cutting was similarly impressive. The Phantom Carriage also consisted of many interesting techniques such as the use of various shots from different tippytoes, camera movement and the display of a title card to express the narrative. The sequence chosen from The Phantom Carriage is the beginning to part three, which starts off with a black fade to colour transition.This transition mechanically communicates a time change within the narrative. We are because shown an establishing outdoor shot, of a man spiffed up in a suit, walking out of a tall door that is closed by other man who ciphermed to look like a guard. This shot re-establishes the location as the outside of a tuck away due to its features such as tall doors, the presence of a guard, brick walls and then(prenominal) a tall create with corridor openings behind the brick wall, which is revealed after the camera pans slightly to the odd wing as the man walks towards the camera. The man then looks to the left and exits the frame where the next cut is ade. As the cut is made before the man completely exits the frame, as audience, we expect it to be a match cut instead it is a jump cut that cuts into the man running into one of the houses in the street. Although this marks a transition in time and space, it makes the audience unpaired on where the narrative had gone from when he left the jail, to when he got to the house. However compared to The Great Train Robbery, the narrative in The Phantom Carriage is quiesce stronger as although there was a jump cut, the audiences were able to await the man leave the jail and enter the house.The element of tenacity in performance expressed the narrative better. The scene in The Great Train Robbery, where the means runs to the nearby dancehall to inform the others of the incident, the audiences are not shown the hookers journeying to the dance hall at all instead the operator looks as if he is getting up to inform the others and then a jump cut is made to the ballroom where the people are dancing. We sight then see another man enter the room at first we would think that it is the operator but it is mortal else. Due to the lack of continuity, it could confuse the audience on what the narrative is.As the operator later joins the crowd and informs the crowd of the incident, with the help of their exaggerated reaction to the situation, the narrative is made clearer. In both narrative and non-narrative films, editing is a crucial strategy for ordering space and time. Two or more(prenominal) images toilette be linked to imply spacial and temporal relations to the viewer. The Phantom Carriage consisted of a variety of shots from different angles that denoted the narrative over to the audience. In contrast, The Great Train Robbery did not show any one sequence from various angles.Most scenes were shown from one angle and the set looked theatrical, just about like a black box theatre where the camera is the fourth wall. However, the narrative in The Great Train Robbery was very quick and easy to understand as each cut meant a scene change. A lot more happened between cuts in The Great Train robbery than in The Phantom Carriage. Therefore if somebody missed a cut from The Great Train Robbery, compared to The Phantom Carriage, it would have been more awkward for the person to understand what had occurred. The variety of shots in The Phantom Carriage meant that, even if somebody missed couple of shots, they would still be able to understand the plot. Also, having a variety of shots, allowed the audience to timber more connected to the mo vie, as they were able to analyse the situation from different angles. In the classic narrative system, editing is governed by the requirements of verisimilitude, hence the characteristics in any one film sequence of establishing shot, closer shots that figure the gaze of the spectator to elements of action to be read as significant, followed by further long shots to re-establish spatial relations. The element of continuity is significant in making the movie appear as real as possible. A variety of shots were used to give the continuity tack in The Phantom Carriage. In the secant shot from the sequence, it is established that the man is walking on the street and is about to walk into a house. We then see a mid shot of the man going up the stairs followed by a close up of the object he is looking at. We are then taken back to a mid shot of him looking down. The movements between the shots are cut and matched perfectly, meeting the requirements of verisimilitude.The Great Train Ro bbery also had interesting moving flat coat that set the scene without having to explain where the location was. For example, the way the background moved, while the thieves were robbing, made the narrative clearer by explaining the robbery that was happening in the train. This explained the title of the movie while expressing the narrative across. However, there were continuity issues, such as the differences between the speeds of the background movement between scenes.For example, after the robbing scene, the scene cuts to a robber climbing the engine of the train. This is an outdoor scene and the movement of the train in the background suggested that the robbery happened while the train was moving. Compared to the previous shot, the speed in which the train moved has observably decreased, making the background movements in between the scenes look like a jump cut. Continuing on with the sequence, the next cut is made when the audience first sees an empty stairway, where the seque nce has an added vignette effect to he frame. We then see the man quickly running up the stairs in the continuing movement from the previous frame. The vignette effect made it seem like someone was observing the mans actions through a keyhole or peep hole from another room. We are then shown the mans attempt in trying to get into the room using various eye-line matches between him and the doormat. The vignette effect still makes it seem like it was from a persons point of view, as the effect disappears as soon the camera position changes in the next cut.The next cut is a reverse angle shot that follows the 180-degree rule of the man walking into the room with the continuing movement from the previous shot. Perfect continuity plays a crucial part here as from the moment he got up from the stairs to where he got in to the room all the cuts were perfectly matched with his movements. In contrast, there were no eye line matches or point of view shots in The Great Train Robbery. Most of T he Great Train Robberys frames seemed like a theatrical stage where the actors entered in from either sides and left through those sides.When the next cut is made, the vignette effect disappears denoting that the other vignette shots were definitely from someones point of view. We then see the character walk into the room through a door. The camera is placed facing the door towards the left of the frame making sure that both the doors are in the frame. As the character walks in, the camera pans to the sort out to include the door on the right in the frame. At this point, we are able to see all the three doors in the frame.This moment is a key moment as this shows the importance in including the all doors in the frame. Having a door on the frame always brings in an idea of suspense, in purpose out on the ways in which the objects behind the door is going to influence the narrative of the story. We then see the character run into the room, as expected the next cut is made where the physical action of the character running into the room is completed. This smooth match cut looked almost perfect since there were no absence of continuity in the movement expressed by the character.This helped strengthen the way the narrative was expressed, as we were able to understand that the character couldnt find what he desired. The next match cut was also equally effective as the cut made matched his action. There is an interesting mirror element to the way this short sequence from when the character came into the room, until when he walked out of the room was shot and cut. As he walks into the room, the camera pans slightly to the right as he enters the room on his left. This match cut of him going in and out of the room is perfect due to its element of continuity.The cut matches the shot to its initial camera position that was used when the character walked into the room initially. Similar to the way the camera panned to the right as he walked into the room on his left, the camera pans slightly to the left, back to its original position as he walked out of the room. He then knocks on the opposite neighbours door as soon as he knocks a lady opens the door immediately. It is interesting how quick she opened the door, as this confirms the discussion on the vignette effect denoting the shot as a point of view.The camera was probably positioned by the door, and low angled shots such as the one looking down at the doormat and back up at the man shows that the camera is representing someones eyes. The restriction of view due the shot be a close-up with the added the vignette effect makes it almost look like someone was peeking through either a keyhole or a peephole. The use of point of view angle would connect the audience to the movie in a deeper level, as they are able to view the actor from another actors perspective.In terms of mise-en-scenes used the setting, the actors performance and costumes were a lot more exaggerated and un pictorial in The Great Train Robbery compared to The Phantom Carriage. Due to this reason, The Great Train Robbery lacked the sense of realism in comparison. Due to the variety of cuts, it is easier for The Phantom Carriage to express emotions and denote the narrative through subtle acting, natural setting and simple costumes as the audiences are able to see more and close into the actors.With The Great Train Robbery, if the elements were not exaggerated, the moments may go unnoticed leading to the narrative being conveyed as unclear to the audience. Although both the movies have significant differences in terms of the way it was shot and cut, The Great Train Robbery can be considered as an impressive work due to its ability in showing a difficult narrative in such a short time. Although its narrative was mainly expressed using its establishing shot, we were still able to understand the narrative without the help of title cards that was used in The Phantom Carriage as the main tool in expressing its narra tive.

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Nutrition & ethics in immoral justice - Essay ExampleWhat this means is that the areas permit toxic and radioactive wastes which were left looming in later on wars. When the soldiers are exposed to this kind of toxic wastes, then it is obvious that the health system of the soldiers is affected by them and this causes them to have little endurance. The toxins, when inhaled, are circulated throughout the body by blood and since the blood will be deprived of some oxygen, it is obvious that the toxins will cause the body to lose energy which it gets from the oxygenated blood (Jeremy 67). In addition to the toxic waste residues, the sand particles are also a possible cause for the helplessness and fatigue among the soldiers. This is because once they inhale the sand particles, there is a likelihood that they will have respiratory problems, such as congestion. The congestion of the respiratory system causes them to stress their lungs since the body will still use up the same amount of oxygen filled blood that it normally gets when breathing.Utilitarianism is a forward-looking or consequentialist possibleness that focuses on the outcomes or results of actions. The idea of utilitarianism stems from the claim that humans greatest and most natural achievement is the maximisation of happiness. However, this theory does not go without fault. I has some loose ends that accommodate for its criticism. The outcomes of the utilitarian framework have to be good so that they can outweigh the negative which is punishment. For the purpose of justifying punishment, the utilitarians focus on deuce-ace outcomes which are deterrence, incapacitation, and correction. Deterrence refers to the refrain from doing things simply because the consequences of doing that thing are quite unpleasant. According

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Organisational culture, management and control - Essay Exampleutine.To illustrate the incompatible shades of culture, a sociologist uses the parameter of international viewpoints (Fineman p.18) in a survey conducted on car mechanism from different countries, the responses generated reflect peculiar ethnic attributes. To the resp-ondent from the UK, when asked to define his job, he simply puts it as fitting the hub caps. The responder from the US had a broader picture in mind, although his opinion may be said to stem from a stereotypical cynicism that characterises material-conscious Americans, I make profits for Henry Ford. Finally, when the question was asked to a Japanese, his response smacked of intense the true and devotion people in Japan have towards their organisation, I am member of a team up that makes the best cars in the world. Is there any doubt why Japanese car companies continue to shadow the world market Indeed, as Alvesson points out (p.2), an organisations cult ure is principal means to achieve effectiveness, growth and succeeder in business.If culture plays such a major initiative in defining success or failure, the stakes only get higher when an organisation has to manage transformations and great upheavals, that when come with mergers and acquisitions, employee induction or retrenchment, dive- rsification or consolidation. It is on occasions like these that the true mettle of a mana-ger is tested. Rather than sitting on the fence and lamenting that cultures cant be cha-nged, an intelligent manager looks for solutions, ways and methods to help the organis-ation tide over circumstances, and make its control. Harrison (p.2) unfailingly mentions that transformations are both desirable and feasible, but accomplishing it would be risky and difficult. It is an inevitable challenge that efficient managers have to always brace themselves for. And, there are established tools and strategies that apply to change mana-gement. To corroborate the symptomatic methodology he presented in his book, Harrison offers a simplistic assessment on going about cultural transformations (p.1). His three cri-tical facets of diagnosis start with a detailed process to prepare a symptomatic study follo-wed by usage of suitable methods to frame issues, and closing in by formulate innovative methods for collecting, analysing and summarising of relevant data. In the case study mentioned therein, we witness a real-life example of the problem set about by the Head of training in a national health maintenance organisation (HMO). An aspiring(prenominal) programme was envisaged to undertake a major organisational transform for overall benefits. Now, this

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Human resource - Essay ExampleHe is an authority on the matters of life story culture programmes. The other researcher namely Veerle Brenninkmeijer is the assistant professor at Utrecht University. She works in the section of social and Organizational Psychology. She has worked on the aspects of social comparison and burnout of employees. Wilmar B. Schaufeli is also the full professor of work and organisational psychology at the Utrecht University. The university is located in Netherlands. Mr. Schaufeli is also the visiting professor at the Loughborough Business inculcate in the United Kingdom. He also works as a part time establishment consultant. Roland W. B. Blonk got his education in the subject of Clinical Philosophy in the University of Amsterdam. Mr. Blonk has a doctorate on the handling of outcome studies. He also holds a special chair at the Utrecht University on two distinct research papers. The article has been published as an online article in the 2014 Under Human r esource heed in Wiley periodicals incorporated. Thus the article can be said to be a recent article in this field (Akkermans, Brenninkmeijer, Schaufeli, and Blonk, 2014).The article is based on the investigation into the effectiveness of line of achievementSkills program which is a career development innovation that is based on the career competencies and Jobs methodology. The aim of the new program that has been developed is to dumbfound career self-management and well being of the new employees in an organization. The researchers tasted the effectives of the program by testing the program on a homogeneous group of people. The career development of the individuals was studied by the researchers and the effectiveness of the career development programs specially the program that was tested by the researchers.The article that is given here shows the result of the research by the researchers in the field. The article in the online source is given with the analysis of the research in the field on the training and

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Global organization in atomic number 63 - Essay ExampleIn the body c ar section the phoner holds the top position in the European bath and shower market, in ho dropholds side they are having one of the world famous garment polishes named kiwi fruit. The company is trying to settle the market of branded apparel, which includes mens and boys wear, also sports wear.The thing that should be kept in mind at this stage is that the Sara Lee is making most of those products in which brand electrical switch is common, and there are relatively very few differences between the competitors products and the companys products, for example the shoe polish Kiwi is having competition with Cherry Blossom, if a consumer would go to buy Kiwi and would not find it in a shop, he would buy cherry blossom rather than going to an sepa locate shop and look for Kiwi, this brings us to Imperfect Competition, according to Lipsey (1997)This is the commonest characterization of real markets. Imperfectly compe titive markets often involve products that are interchangeable but not identical and for which there are a finite number of potential producers, distributively of which git influence the others by its own behavior. (p. 11)So this implies that the competitors do the first impact on trade, it meaning that the company has now to think about the sales quotas and forecasts, more specifically how much would they produce in the future so that there is also the minimum level of goods return and maximum levels of profit can be achieved, the next most important thing is the structure, nowadays the companies are having multiple products, so what they should write out is how to maintain the product line and length as a product can damage the other products of the same firm in terms of sales and value. Firms are trying to make the best use of available resources and this is an optimization problem familiar in economics. Issues of optimal employment, investment, and structure are all supers ensitized to economic analysis(Lipsey, 1997). After wards there are more things to worry about, like the growth rate of GDP should be kept in mind as if any company that is low in demand or even having an exceeding demand can put some impact on GDP, Like in case of Sara lee the food production depends on the past sales records, else at times the senior executives take decision when they have to enter in some new market, in particular it creates a hatful of fuss when new product is to be launched in some area, it has a lot to do with investment not only in production but also in conducting query so that the chances of product failure can me minimized. The biggest prefer of having such operating organization in UK is that the local anaesthetic goods are promoted, it means that more the local goods are used the less the country relies on import, reminding that the company is still local, and the goods are not imported in the case of Sara Lee, the production of goods is done by the firms that are being operated with in UK by taking the license from the main Sara Lee Corp. Another good advantage of this organization is that the competition between Sara Lee and other firms is maintained, reminding that competition is something in which the customers get the benefit as an outcome, a good example

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Reflection Paper on Group Cases - Essay physical exerciseusiness practice to be operating without having a primary infrastructure as well as apply of only a particular system to take care of all other necessary elements. all company worth its salt should be equipped with an enterprise resource planning system (ERP) to hold that its operations are carried out smoothly. This is because, without such an effective have it awayment system, a companys vocation may be unable to coordinate its work across all functions, something that may lead to practiced losses, even collapse of the business. The VTB case clearly illustrates this phenomenon and the company was in a terrible rush to receive sure that it has its house in order just before peak seasons such as Christmas, Valentines Day as well as Mothers Day.Secondly, I have learnt that it is good to ever have a single centralised command from where an application can be run to manage the business functions.VTB for instance had a lot of complicated middleware as well as incompatible applications which did non provide the company with any benefits at all. Investment into a robust IT system therefore brings with it some(prenominal) benefits such as seamless working by eliminating lack of standard operating procedures, facilitating transfer and alimony of instruction as well as allowing for strategic development of a firms information system. Information system therefore can be used as a tool for hawkish advantage and can strategically be used to add value to a firms customer service by maximising the efficiency of the supply chain as well as solving operational constraints.The second case was that of IT outsourcing gone wrong. Clean & Cure, a multinational company had meshed the services of XperTrans a provider of human resource outsourcing (HRO) to provide its services all over the cosmea in 44 countries. However, this was never to be, and XperTrans encountered so many problems and finally had to engage a consultancy firm to shackle them out. This is a case that really

The American History in the Roaring 1920s Essay

The American History in the thunder 1920s - Essay ExampleThese consolidations led to more growth which benefitted most Americans including women. The American younger times influenced the growing middle class to discard traditional values, especially those that discriminated against women. College students adopted a drinking habit and attended wild parties. Women enjoyed more freedom and would take part in advancing the national course. Sources of successfulness The sources of the 1920s prosperity consisted of four main factors which were consolidation mergers second industrial revolution assembly ocellus mass production, separate growth areas and income misdistribution-sick industries. To begin with, the first consolidation merger had happened during 1895-1904 and the second occurred during the 1920s. In the geological era of the 1920s population were becoming used to big business and they were no longer a nemesis to them. Big businesses offered their employees benefits which helped them with health insurance. One struggle that starter businesses faced is the problem of Oligopoly, which one industry controlled ternary businesses. These practices made the business world less competitive. Second Industrial Revolution involved mainly the total heat Ford Company (1903) which produced their most famous model which was called Model T. The company made this model for over twenty years. Cars during this time were expensive to make and very little people could afford them. Car costs were around $850 during 1908, because atomic number 1 Ford wanted cars to be available for people. Through this mass production of cars there were 3 alterations Assembly Line, raised wages, and credit. The assembly line for workers was a complete change in their work draw off it speeded up the process of making cars. Before the assembly line, it took twelve hours to build a model T but after the assembly line, it took one and a half hours to make a car. By 1927 the price of a car dropped to $290, which was two months of your work wage if you were a worker at Ford. Secondly Henry Ford raised his workers wages to five dollars a day to keep his workers in the job. Credit, was the last innovation people were buying everything with credit by the 1920 credit left everyone in debt. The credit allowed people to rifle what they want on loan. By 1929 in the United States 80% of all American families owned a car which was 1 in 4 people. With the General Motors Company also growing in size, people were able to purchase cars in different colors, which led to some social consequences. Automobiles helped the rural people by breaking down rural isolation, gave country people access to towns and cities and even doctors. The coming of trackers helped increase nutrient production. The consequences of automobiles is it made Americans mobile it allowed people to find jobs that were further from their homes and people could go wherever they wanted to. Cars were a form of entertainment they helped to change daily habits of most Americans, premarital pregnancies increased, and cars were being used by criminals. Additionally, other growth areas consisted prosperity It consisted of ancillary industries such as steel, oil and rubber, which were industries that were dependent on car industries. The multiplier factor effect was one job in the car industry would be equal to more jobs in steel, oil and rubber companies. Federal government invested in roads and highways and the second growth area was electrical energy which was first used